Litaba - Tlhahiso ea Vanillin ea Tlhaho e Tsoang ho Mehloli e Tsosolositsoeng

I.Selelekela

Vanillin ke e 'ngoe ea metsoako ea tatso e tsebahalang le e sebelisoang haholo lefatšeng.Ka tloaelo, e ntšitsoe linaoang tsa vanilla, tse theko e phahameng 'me li tobana le mathata mabapi le ts'ebetso le bofokoli ba ketane ea phepelo.Leha ho le joalo, ka tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji ea baeloji, haholo-holo lefapheng la biotransformation ea likokoana-hloko, ho hlahile nako e ncha ea tlhahiso ea vanillin ea tlhaho.Ho sebelisa likokoana-hloko bakeng sa phetoho ea tlhaho ea lihlahisoa tsa tlhaho ho fane ka tsela e atlehang ea moruo bakeng sa motsoako oa vanillin.Mokhoa ona ha o sebetsane feela le mathata a ts'ebetso empa hape o fana ka tharollo e ncha bakeng sa indasteri ea tatso.Patlisiso e entsoeng ke Setsi sa Mahlale le Theknoloji ea SRM (SRMIST) e fane ka tlhahlobo e felletseng ea mekhoa e fapaneng ea bioloji ea vanillin le ts'ebeliso ea bona lekaleng la lijo, e akaretsa mekhoa e fapaneng ea tlhaho ea tlhaho ea vanillin ho tsoa ho li-substrates tse fapaneng le mefuta ea eona e fapaneng. likopo indastering ea lijo.

II.Mokhoa oa ho Fumana Vanillin ea Tlhaho ho Mehloli e Tsosolositsoeng

Tšebeliso ea Ferulic Acid joalo ka Substrate

Ferulic acid, e nkiloeng mehloling e kang bran ea raese le oat bran, e bontša ho tšoana ha sebopeho le vanillin 'me e sebetsa e le selelekela sa pele bakeng sa tlhahiso ea vanillin.Likokoana-hloko tse fapaneng tse kang Pseudomonas, Aspergillus, Streptomyces, le li-fungus li sebelisitsoe bakeng sa tlhahiso ea vanillin ho tloha ferulic acid.Habohlokoa, mefuta e kang Amycolatopsis le White-rot fungus e khethiloe e le batho ba ka khonang ho hlahisa vanillin ho tloha ferulic acid.Liphuputso tse 'maloa li batlisitse tlhahiso ea vanillin ho tloha ferulic acid ho sebelisoa likokoana-hloko, mekhoa ea enzymatic, le mekhoa e sa tsamaeeng, e totobatsang ho feto-fetoha le bokhoni ba mokhoa ona.

Enzymatic synthesis ea vanillin ho tloha ferulic acid e kenyelletsa enzyme ea bohlokoa ea feruloyl esterase, e susumetsang hydrolysis ea ester bond ka ferulic acid, e lokolla vanillin le lihlahisoa tse ling tse amanang le tsona.Ka ho hlahloba palo e nepahetseng ea li-enzyme tsa vanillin biosynthetic tsamaisong e se nang lisele, bafuputsi ba thehile mofuta o ntlafalitsoeng oa Escherichia coli o khonang ho fetola ferulic acid (20mM) ho vanillin (15mM).Ho feta moo, ts'ebeliso ea microbial cell immobilization e hapile tlhokomelo ka lebaka la biocompatibility ea eona e ntle le botsitso tlasa maemo a fapaneng.Mokhoa o mocha oa immobilization bakeng sa tlhahiso ea vanillin ho tsoa ho ferulic acid e se e entsoe, e felisang tlhoko ea li-coenzymes.Mokhoa ona o kenyelletsa coenzyme-independent decarboxylase le coenzyme-independent oxygenase e ikarabellang bakeng sa phetoho ea ferulic acid ho vanillin.Tšebelisano-'moho ea FDC le CSO2 e nolofalletsa tlhahiso ea 2.5 mg ea vanillin ho tloha ferulic acid ka li-cycle tse leshome tsa karabelo, e leng se bontšang mohlala oa pele oa tlhahiso ea vanillin ka biotechnology ea enzyme e sa tsamaeeng.

Tšebeliso ea Eugenol/Isoeugenol joalo ka Substrate

Eugenol le isoeugenol, ha li le tlas'a bioconversion, li hlahisa vanillin le metabolites ea eona e amanang le eona, tse fumanoeng li na le lisebelisoa tse fapaneng le boleng ba bohlokoa ba moruo.Liphuputso tse 'maloa li hlahlobile tšebeliso ea likokoana-hloko tse fetotsoeng liphatsa tsa lefutso le tse hlahang ka tlhaho ho kopanya vanillin ho tsoa ho eugenol.Monyetla oa ho senyeha ha eugenol o 'nile oa hlokomeloa ka libaktheria tse fapa-fapaneng le li-fungus, ho kenyelletsa empa ha li felle feela ho Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Aspergillus, le Rhodococcus, ho bontša bokhoni ba bona ba tlhahiso ea vanillin e entsoeng ka eugenol.Tšebeliso ea eugenol oxidase (EUGO) e le enzyme bakeng sa tlhahiso ea vanillin tikolohong ea indasteri e bontšitse bokhoni bo boholo.EUGO e bonts'a botsitso le ts'ebetso ho feta pH e pharalletseng, 'me e na le ts'ebetso e ntseng e eketseha ea EUGO le ho fokotsa nako ea karabelo.Ho feta moo, tšebeliso ea immobilized EUGO e lumella ho hlaphoheloa ha biocatalyst ho fihlela ho 18 reaction cycles, e leng se lebisang ho keketseho e fetang 12 ea lihlahisoa tsa biocatalyst.Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, enzyme e sa sebetseng ea CSO2 e ka khothaletsa phetoho ea isoeugenol ho vanillin ntle le ho itšetleha ka li-coenzymes.

Li-substrates tse ling

Ho phaella ho ferulic acid le eugenol, metsoako e meng e kang vanillic acid le C6-C3 phenylpropanoids e 'nile ea khetholloa e le li-substrates tse ka khonehang bakeng sa tlhahiso ea vanillin.Asiti ea Vanillic, e hlahisoang e le sehlahisoa sa ho senyeha ha lignin kapa e le karolo e qothisanang lehlokoa le mekhoa ea metabolic, e nkuoa e le selelekela sa bohlokoa bakeng sa tlhahiso ea vanillin e thehiloeng ho bio.Ho feta moo, ho fana ka leseli mabapi le tšebeliso ea C6-C3 phenylpropanoids bakeng sa motsoako oa vanillin ho fana ka monyetla o ikhethang bakeng sa tlhahiso ea tatso e tsitsitseng le e ncha.

Qetellong, ts'ebeliso ea lisebelisoa tse nchafalitsoeng bakeng sa tlhahiso ea vanillin ea tlhaho ka biotransformation ea likokoana-hloko ke tsoelo-pele ea bohlokoa indastering ea tatso.Mokhoa ona o fana ka tsela e 'ngoe, e tsitsitseng ea tlhahiso ea vanillin, ho sebetsana le mathata a ts'ebetso le ho fokotsa ho itšetleha ka mekhoa ea setso ea ho hula.Litšebeliso tse fapaneng le boleng ba moruo ba vanillin ho pholletsa le indasteri ea lijo li totobatsa bohlokoa ba ho tsoela pele ho etsa lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele sebakeng sena.Tsoelo-pele ea nakong e tlang lefapheng la tlhahiso ea tlhaho ea vanillin e na le monyetla oa ho fetola indasteri ea tatso, e fana ka mefuta e meng e tšoarellang le e bonolo bakeng sa tlhahiso ea tatso.Ha re ntse re tsoela pele ho sebelisa bokhoni ba lisebelisoa tse ka nchafatsoang le tsoelopele ea biotechnology, tlhahiso ea vanillin ea tlhaho ho tsoa ho li-substrates tse fapaneng e fana ka monyetla o ts'episang bakeng sa ntlafatso ea tatso e tšoarellang.

III.Ke melemo efe ea ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse tsosolositsoeng ho hlahisa vanillin ea tlhaho

E Sekehela Tikoloho:Ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse ka nchafatsoang joalo ka limela le litšila tsa biomass ho hlahisa vanillin ho ka fokotsa tlhoko ea mafura a lintho tsa khale, ho fokotsa litlamorao tse mpe tikolohong, le ho fokotsa ho ntšoa ha likhase tse futhumatsang lefatše.

Moshoelella:Ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse nchafalitsoeng ho etsa hore ho be le phepelo e tsitsitseng ea matla le lisebelisoa tse tala, ho thusa ho sireletsa mehloli ea tlhaho le ho fihlela litlhoko tsa meloko e tlang.

Tšireletso ea mefuta-futa:Ka tšebeliso e utloahalang ea lisebelisoa tse ka nchafatsoang, mehloli ea limela tse hlaha e ka sireletsoa, e leng se tlatsetsang ho sireletseng mefuta-futa ea lihloliloeng le ho boloka botsitso ba tikoloho.

Boleng ba sehlahisoa:Ha ho bapisoa le vanillin ea maiketsetso, vanillin ea tlhaho e ka 'na ea e-ba le melemo e mengata ea boleng ba monko le litšobotsi tsa tlhaho, tse tla thusa ho ntlafatsa boleng ba tatso le lihlahisoa tsa monko o monate.

Fokotsa ho itšetleha ka libeso tsa khale:Tšebeliso ea lisebelisuoa tse nchafalitsoeng e thusa ho fokotsa ho itšetleha ka mafura a fokolang a fossil, a leng molemo ho ts'ireletso ea eneji le mefuta-futa ea sebopeho sa eneji.Re tšepa hore lintlha tse ka holimo li ka araba lipotso tsa hau.Haeba u hloka tokomane ea litšupiso ka Senyesemane, ke kopa u ntsebise ke tle ke u fe eona.

IV.Qetello

Monyetla oa ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse tsosolositsoeng ho hlahisa vanillin ea tlhaho e le mokhoa o tsitsitseng le oa tikoloho o bohlokoa.Mokhoa ona o na le ts'episo ea ho rarolla tlhokahalo e ntseng e eketseha ea vanillin ea tlhaho ha e ntse e fokotsa ho itšetleha ka mekhoa ea tlhahiso ea maiketsetso.

Vanillin ea tlhaho e na le boemo ba bohlokoa indastering ea tatso, e bohlokoa bakeng sa monko oa eona le tšebeliso e atileng joalo ka setlolo sa tatso lihlahisoa tse fapaneng.Ho bohlokoa ho totobatsa bohlokoa ba vanillin ea tlhaho e le motsoako o batloang indastering ea lijo, lino le monko o monate ka lebaka la boemo ba eona bo holimo ba kutlo le khetho ea bareki bakeng sa litatso tsa tlhaho.

Ho feta moo, tšimo ea tlhahiso ea vanillin ea tlhaho e fana ka menyetla e mengata ea lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele.Sena se kenyelletsa ho hlahloba mahlale a macha le mekhoa e mecha ea ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso le botsitso ba ho hlahisa vanillin ea tlhaho ho tsoa mehloling e ka nchafatsoang.Ntle le moo, nts'etsopele ea mekhoa ea tlhahiso e kotsi le e baballang chelete e ngata e tla bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho khothaletseng ho ananeloa ha vanillin ea tlhaho e le mokhoa o tšoarellang le o bonolo oa tikoloho indastering ea tatso.